News - End Fuel Poverty Coalition

Surge in energy exit fees since 2021

Bill payers risk being stuck on expensive fixed rate energy tariffs or with poor customer service as exit fees have increased by 345% in the last three years.

Around three million UK households have opted for fixed energy tariffs and the latest Warm This Winter Tariff Watch report shows that the majority have exit fees of more than £100.

The report also reveals 76% of fixed tariffs have annual costs of £1,690 or more meaning they will pay more than the current price cap. The most expensive tariff is a 2 year fixed at £1,712 a year for a typical household – leaving them £84 worse off and with extortionate exit fees of £300.

More broadly, researchers found that exit fees have dramatically increased from an average of £42.06 in early 2021 to a peak of £187.21 on average today (a 345% increase).

High tariffs and high exit fees mean that some customers will be worse off and unable to switch to a cheaper tariff because fees would wipe out any potential savings from moving supplier. It also acts as a trap for those customers who have had poor customer service and are unable to switch supplier.

In the latest edition of Tariff Watch compiled by Future Energy Associates (FEA) who analysed the best deals on the market for customers warns that households could end up worse off if they fix now, even with the latest forecasts that prices could rise again slightly later this year.

A spokesperson for the End Fuel Poverty Coalition commented:

“Exit fees have gone from a minor irritation to a serious concern. Customers who have had poor customer service may now find themselves trapped with their supplier due to these penalties.

“The energy industry is quick to promote the idea that switching will save you money, but the reality is that the small print could leave struggling customers out of pocket.

“Households who are suffering the most are often the ones looking for the most security through a fixed tariff, but we would urge them to only fix if they are absolutely certain it is the right thing to do.

“Checking your bill to get your existing usage numbers and entering these details into price comparison sites is one way of testing the market – but always check that exit fees are under £100.”

Warm This Winter spokesperson Fiona Waters said:

“Yet again energy suppliers are letting customers down with many stuck in fixed rate deals they can’t get out of because of extortionate exit fees and it’s Hobson’s choice for those who want the peace of mind of a fixed rate but will probably end up worse off later in the year.

“It’s just ridiculous and unnecessary that bill payers have to navigate such a complex tariff system where they get ripped off at every level, from rising standing charges to profiteering gas companies, and still face bills that are 60 percent higher than three years ago.

“We need long term solutions from government such as expanding homegrown renewable energy and a mass programme of insulation to bring down bills once and for all.”

Future Energy Associates analyst Dylan Johnson, who helped compile the report, said:

“While we have seen the return of competitive market conditions we are worried about certain consumer groups being left behind. Our data shows evidence that specific suppliers are raising prices in certain regions to absurd levels.”

ENDS

Relevant to England, Scotland and Wales only. For full details, methodology and sources, the full report is available to download: https://www.endfuelpoverty.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/Tariff_Watch_4_Final.pdf

Energy profits hit £420bn in recent years as standing charges rise

Energy giants have pocketed over £420 billion in profits since the energy crisis started according to a new analysis of company reports. [1]

Researchers examined the declared profits of firms ranging from energy producers (such as Equinor and Shell) through to the firms that control our energy grid (such as National Grid, UK Power Networks and Cadent) as well as suppliers (such as British Gas).

Around £30 billion of these profits (the equivalent of over £1,000 per household) are thought to be made by the firms and business units responsible for electricity and gas transmission and distribution.

These are the “network costs” consumers pay for maintaining the pipes and wires of the energy system and are usually paid for through standing charges on energy bills.

Electricity standing charges have surged in recent years and from 1 April will be 147% higher than in 2021 – powered by fees such as the 14 hidden charges on every bill for network costs.

Gas standing charges have increased by 15% since 2021, but a recent report for the Warm This Winter campaign found that the network costs for gas are charged differently, through both gas unit costs and standing charges.

Researchers found that the estimated price each household contributes on gas network costs has risen from £118.53 a year in 2021 to £163.69 a year from 1 April 2024 (a 38% increase).

From 1 April the costs that households pay for every unit of energy they use will decrease slightly – but are still almost double what they were in 2021. But standing charges will rise. Compared to the previous quarter, electricity standing charges go up 13% and gas standing charges increase 6%.

A spokesperson for the End Fuel Poverty Coalition, commented:

“The energy firms are taking us for April fools.

“As standing charges go up today, households will have to cut back on their energy use just to keep their bills the same. This means households continue to suffer as a few energy firms make billions in profits.

“These numbers may look like fantastic amounts to shareholders, but the reality is that these profits have caused pain and suffering among people living in fuel poverty for the last few years.”

Warm This Winter spokesperson Fiona Waters said:

“The public are beyond frustrated at being a cash machine for companies who use our broken energy system to cream as much profits as they can out of them, while hard working people are up to their eyeballs in energy debt and fat cat bosses splurge their excessive wealth on luxuries.

“This data should put to bed any final opposition to a proper Windfall Tax on energy firms which ministers must use to help people who are still paying 60 percent more than they were on their energy bills three years ago.

“We need to stop pandering to these profiteers and focus on expanding homegrown renewable energy and a mass programme of insulation to bring down energy bills for good.”

ENDS

[1] The data was compiled from publicly available accounts and financial statements, using the best available measure of company profits by a freelance city journalist. These measures differ from company to company due to reporting processes and regulatory requirements in different jurisdictions. In determining which measure of profitability to use, the research has prioritised the measure preferred in the company’s own accounts.

Table 1: GROUP RESULTS FOR FIRMS PROFITING FROM ENERGY CRISIS

COMPANY (profit type)	Financial Year (FY) ending in 2020	FY ending in 2021	FY ending in 2022	FY ending in 2023	FY ending in 2024 [interims where available]	TOTAL SINCE ENERGY BILLS CRISIS
SSE (Group – Pretax profit adjusted)	£1,023,400,000	£1,064,900,000	£1,164,000,000	£2,183,600,000	£565,200,000	£6,001,100,000
Cadent (Group – Operating profit)	£924,000,000	£901,000,000	£685,000,000	£945,000,000.00		£2,510,000,000
Electricity North West (Pre tax profit)	£87,000,000	£145,600,000	£64,800,000	£26,000,000	£195,000,000	£518,400,000
Northern Powergrid (Net income / earnings)	£158,790,000	£195,130,000	£304,150,000	£136,670,000		£794,740,000
National Gas Transmission (Operating profit)	£475,000,000	£484,000,000	£512,000,000	£619,000,000		£2,090,000,000
UK Power Networks (EBITDA)	£1,270,200,000	£1,294,300,000	£1,328,900,000	£1,410,400,000		£5,303,800,000
Northern Gas Networks (Group Operating Profit)	£213,246,000.00	£157,642,000.00	£151,142,000	£210,687,000		£361,829,000
SGN (Operating profits)	£600,600,000	£526,500,000	£364,300,000	£439,500,000		£1,930,900,000
Ovo Energy (Operating profits)	-£238,000,000	£367,000,000	-£1,582,000,000			-£1,453,000,000
Octopus Energy (Operating profits)	-£47,910,000	-£117,400,000	-£188,400,000	£243,300,000		-£110,410,000
Shell (Profit/Adjusted Earnings)	£3,828,340,000	£15,238,310,000	£31,497,300,000	£22,317,500,000	£11,628,800,000	£84,510,250,000
BP (Underlying Replacement Cost Profit (URCP))	-£4,495,100,000	£10,123,850,000	£21,845,870,000	£10,930,440,000		£38,405,060,000
Equinor (Adjusted Earnings)	£3,111,020,000	£26,453,940,000	£59,202,600,000	£28,613,800,000		£117,381,360,000
Centrica (Adjusted Operating Profit)	£447,000,000	£948,000,000	£3,308,000,000	£2,752,000,000		£7,455,000,000
National Grid (Statutory Pre-Tax Profit)	£1,754,000,000	£2,083,000,000	£3,441,000,000	£3,590,000,000	£1,371,000,000	£10,156,000,000
EDF (EBITDA)	£13,909,640,000	£15,484,300,000	-£4,287,960,000	£34,314,000,000	£13,851,160,000	£73,271,140,000
EON (EBITDA)	£5,938,300,000	£6,784,540,000	£6,930,740,000	£8,058,200,000		£27,711,780,000
Iberdrola (EBITDA)	£8,608,772,000	£10,324,902,000	£11,376,166,000	£12,398,620,000		£42,708,460,000
Drax (Group – pre tax profit)	-£235,000,000	£122,000,000	£78,000,000	£796,000,000		£761,000,000
Wales & West (pre tax profit)	-£24,400,000	£25,900,000	-£176,900,000	£263,100,000		£87,700,000
TOTAL PROFIT						£420,395,109,000.00

Table 2: RESULTS FOR FIRMS OR BUSINESS UNITS INVOLVED IN GAS AND ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSMISSION (i.e. network costs)

COMPANY	Type	FY ending in 2020	FY ending in 2021	FY ending in 2022	FY ending in 2023	FY ending in 2024 [interims where available]	TOTAL SINCE ENERGY BILLS CRISIS
SSE	E Transmission	£218,100,000.00	£220,900,000.00	£380,500,000.00	£372,700,000.00	£215,600,000.00	£1,407,800,000.00
SSE	E Distribution	£356,300,000.00	£267,300,000.00	£351,800,000.00	£382,400,000.00	£120,100,000.00	£1,477,900,000.00
Cadent	G Transmission & Distribution	£924,000,000.00	£901,000,000.00	£685,000,000.00	£945,000,000.00		£2,510,000,000.00
Electricity North West	E Distribution	£87,000,000.00	£145,600,000.00	£64,800,000.00	£26,000,000.00	£195,000,000.00	£518,400,000.00
Northern Powergrid	E Distribution	£158,790,000.00	£195,130,000.00	£304,150,000.00	£136,670,000.00		£794,740,000.00
National Gas	G Transmission & Distribution	£475,000,000.00	£484,000,000.00	£512,000,000.00	£619,000,000.00		£2,090,000,000.00
UK Power Networks	E Distribution	£1,270,200,000.00	£1,294,300,000.00	£1,328,900,000.00	£1,410,400,000.00		£5,303,800,000.00
Northern Gas Networks	G Transmission & Distribution	£213,246,000.00	£157,642,000.00	£151,142,000.00	£210,687,000.00		£361,829,000.00
SGN	G Transmission & Distribution	£543,000,000.00	£509,000,000.00	£339,000,000.00	£452,000,000.00	£256,000,000.00	£2,099,000,000.00
National Grid	E Transmission	£1,316,000,000.00	£1,027,000,000.00	£1,055,000,000.00	£993,000,000.00	£838,000,000.00	£5,229,000,000.00
National Grid	G Transmission & Distribution	£347,000,000.00	£337,000,000.00	£637,000,000.00	£715,000,000.00		£2,036,000,000.00
National Grid	E Distribution			£909,000,000.00	£1,069,000,000.00	£472,000,000.00	£2,450,000,000.00
National Grid	E Systems					£443,000,000.00	£443,000,000.00
SP Energy Networks	E Distribution	£860,000,000.00	£905,408,000.00	£940,238,000.00	£1,059,348,000.00		£3,764,994,000.00
Wales & West	G Distribution	-£24,400,000.00	£25,900,000.00	-£176,900,000.00	£263,100,000.00		£87,700,000.00
						TOTAL PROFIT	£30,486,463,000.00
						Cost per household	£1,051.26

Data as at 26 March 2024.

The data was compiled by freelance business journalist David Craik. David’s experience has included writing business and city news and features for national newspapers and magazines such as The Daily Mirror, Sunday Times, Wall Street Journal, Scotsman and Daily Express. Much of his content focuses on company financial results and reports in the energy sector and on personal finance issues including wealth management, property, investing and managing household budgets and bills. If any firm wishes to correct the records below, please email info@endfuelpoverty.org.uk.

Customers set for £1.3bn bill for energy debt charges

Households will be paying energy firms a combined £1.3bn in annual charges to help suppliers recover bad debt from 1 April.

A new report from the Warm This Winter campaign also casts doubt on the effectiveness of the charges in actually helping customers struggling with their bills. [1]

Energy firms were already able to charge £842m a year on bills for bad debt allowances, but from 1 April 2024 Ofgem has ruled that an additional £735m can be charged (or £28 per household per year). The amounts are offset by a £275m adjustment to the bad debt charges incurred after the Covid pandemic.

The combined impact of these charges varies depending on the bill type with prepayment meter customers paying the least at £25.17 per household per year. Direct debit customers pay £38.96 a year on these charges while standard credit customers are hit hardest paying £129.71.

The report also reveals that “debt-related costs” consist of three main elements: bad debt write offs, debt related administrative costs and working capital. It appears unclear if these write offs will come off customers’ accounts, or if they are written off on supplier income statements while the debt is sold to debt collection agencies.

In addition, the debt related administrative costs and working capital include recouping the costs of the moratorium on involuntary prepayment meter installations. The moratorium was brought in after it was found energy firms were breaking into vulnerable people’s homes to force them onto a prepayment meter.

Firms can also claim for the administrative costs to suppliers from dealing with customers in debt, despite other allowances in the price cap enabling them to cover operating costs. The allowances also allow firms to claim for the day-to-day costs of customer arrears and using the money to cover the period between an energy firm incurring costs and receiving customer payments.

The news has been met with concern from consumers, with new polling from Opinium finding that over half (55%) of the public oppose energy firms using money raised through the additional £28 per household being spent on debt administrative costs. [2]

The public felt that around half (48%) of the money raised from the £28 debt charge should be spent writing off household energy debt of the customer accounts of those most in need.

Fiona Waters, spokesperson for the Warm This Winter campaign commented:

“Energy bill payers are quite rightly up in arms about these additional costs which look like they do nothing to reduce the debt of ordinary people but instead help energy companies pursue those who simply can’t pay.

“It’s yet another outrageous rip off caused by our broken energy system, where ordinary people are expected to foot the bill all the time whilst energy giants bank billions and their bosses live in the lap of luxury.

“We need long term solutions such as expanding homegrown renewable energy and a mass programme of insulation to bring down energy bills for good so UK families no longer find themselves in debt through no fault of their own and are hounded for payments.”

A spokesperson for the End Fuel Poverty Coalition, said:

“The recovery of energy debt led to the forced prepayment meters scandal in 2023 and customers are still paying the price for energy firms’ poor practices.

“Rather than hit hard pressed households with higher standing charges, we need to see a longer-term approach to solving the energy debt mountain, such as an industry wide Help To Repay scheme.

“If Ofgem persists in implementing this charge, the very least they can do is ensure it is used to write off debts from customer accounts and isn’t spent on hiring debt collection agencies.”

Policy expert and report author Richard Winstone, added:

“Ofgem produced over 350 pages of documentation to reach a conclusion that will cost the public hundreds of millions of pounds extra this year with no clear benefit for consumers. They pack their documents with complicated jargon and formulae, yet they could not find room for a simple explanation as to how this money will actually benefit those struggling with their energy bills.

“Throwing money at suppliers and hoping they do the right thing is what has led to record profit levels from the likes of British Gas at a time when customer service standards are at their lowest for a decade and customer debt is at its highest. Ofgem either needs to stop increasing the cost to consumers or start creating regulation that ensures suppliers use the additional funds for specific, consumer-benefitting, purposes.”

Jan Shortt, General Secretary of the National Pensioners Convention, commented:

“As always, it is the customer that pays, not the shareholders or energy industry who are currently making the biggest profits for years. Sustainable and affordable energy sources are a must and the regulator should consider how it can protect customers from this unacceptable level of levy when everyone is still struggling with high energy bills.”

ENDS

[1] “An overview of the additional debt related costs”, Richard Winstone / Warm This Winter, March 2024. Full report available to download.

[2] Public opinion polling from Opinium who interviewed 2,000 people between 15 and 19 March 2024. Results were weighted to be representative of the UK population.

55% oppose using the money to cover admin costs, 25% support, 20% don’t know.

48% figure is based on respondents choosing a range of percentages to be used to write off debt. The figure includes the responses from 16% who felt none of the money should be used in this way, 16% felt all of the money raised should be used in this way.

Hikes in gas network costs see vampire funds profit from energy crisis

British households are boosting the profits of Chinese and Qatari Government-backed funds, which are among the groups benefiting from a 38% increase in the costs of running the country’s gas network.

A new report from the Warm This Winter campaign and Future Energy Associates has examined the ownership and revenue streams of firms running the nation’s gas infrastructure. [1]

The cost of running the gas network is charged to customers through gas unit costs and standing charges. The estimated price each household contributes has risen from £118.53 a year in 2021 to £163.69 a year from 1 April 2024 (a 38% increase). [2]

Unit costs are also driven by wholesale gas costs. Gas unit costs paid by households more than tripled at the height of the energy bills crisis and even after the latest Ofgem price cap change, every unit of gas remains 73% above 2021 levels. The daily gas standing charges customers face have also continued to increase and will not peak until the coming months, reaching 15% above 2021 levels from 1 April 2024. [3]

Of the significant owners of gas infrastructure operators, just one company is headquartered in the UK [4]. Among the 12 other owners are the sovereign wealth funds of Qatar and China, investment firms from Australia, Canada, Germany, Hong Kong and the USA alongside additional Australian and Canadian pension funds.

Among the firms profiting from the misery of increased energy bills is Macquarie, the Australian finance giant at the centre of recent Southern Water and Thames Water scandals. [5]

Macquaire co-owns 80% of National Gas, the national gas network as well as part-owning the UK’s largest regional gas distribution network company, Cadent, which supplies gas to 11 million homes.

The report sets out that Gas Distribution Networks (GDNs) operate as natural monopolies and that the complexity in negotiations between the regulator and the firms risks tilting the balance in favour of the industry, potentially leading to excess profits at the expense of consumers.

Among the criticisms of the negotiation process are the reliance on long-term cost forecasting, informational advantage firms hold over their costs and their ability to hire expensive lobbyists and consultants which poses a risk of regulatory decisions favouring the industry, resulting in unjustifiably high prices for consumers and excess profits for the companies.

Starting from 2026, energy consumers could also face an annual bill increase of up to £43 to fund the decommissioning of the gas network, as highlighted in a new Ofgem consultation on price controls for gas and electricity transmission networks.

Fiona Waters, spokesperson for the Warm This Winter campaign, which commissioned the report said:

“Once again the British public is being gaslighted by an opaque and broken energy system which sees huge amounts of obscene profits going overseas and inflates bills for ordinary people who are still paying 60% more than they did three years ago.

“Families, pensioners, children and the poor are freezing as energy companies generate billions of pounds in profit each and every week.”

A spokesperson for the End Fuel Poverty Coalition, commented:

“This murky web of international investors with deep pockets and influence are heaping pain on the nation’s households.

“The regulator is operating with one hand tied behind its back and it needs to be given powers to ensure that the firms that operate our gas network do so in the best interests of the public, not their shadowy owners.

“Ultimately, this is an industry that is dying on its feet as we move toward cleaner, safer heating systems for our homes. But we should not let these vampire funds suck cash out of hard working families’ pockets as they decommission the network.”

Dylan Johnson from Future Energy Associates commented:

“Government regulation is crucial to control the prices charged by these companies, ensuring efficiency and security of supply without unfairly burdening consumers.

“This regulatory process involves negotiations between the companies, who aim to maximise their profits, and regulators, tasked with balancing affordable consumer prices with the need for efficient and reliable service.

“At the moment the balance is not right and the regulator needs to take a stronger stance in negotiations.”

Jonathan Bean, from Fuel Poverty Action said:

“It’s frightening that the Government has let a notorious investor take control of a large chunk of our energy infrastructure. It means higher energy bills for us all.”

The report makes several recommendations for Ofgem to consider, including proposals to deliver immediate consumer rebates by network companies to address profits not in consumers’ interests and the use of real market data instead of long-term forecasts.

The report also finds that consumer bodies should be empowered to request price control reviews in cases of excessive financial returns and ensuring balanced representation of consumer interests in regulatory decisions.

ENDS

This news story relates to England, Scotland and Wales only.

[1] Warm This Winter Tariff Watch: Gas Networks Report (March 2024): Download the full report.

[2] The Bank of England inflation calculator suggests that a solely inflationary linked increase in these costs would be from £118 to £139 – 18% increase.

[3] End Fuel Poverty Coalition records: https://www.endfuelpoverty.org.uk/about-fuel-poverty/ofgem-price-cap/

[4] Gas network owners:

The gas transmission network (described as the “motorway of the gas network”) is run by National Gas, which is owned by a consortium 80% of Macquarie Asset Management, British Columbia Investment Management Corporation, and National Grid plc (20%).

Macquarie Group, an Australian powerhouse in the financial services sector which also controls parts of the UK water and sewage network, has emerged as a dominant force in the global infrastructure sphere, most notably through its ownership of National Gas in the UK. The British Columbia Investment Management Corporation (BCI) is a pivotal but relatively obscure financial institution managing the pensions of about 525,000 British Columbians. National Grid is one of the world’s largest utilities firms and is listed on the London stock exchange.

The gas distribution network (described as the “local roads of the gas network”) is ultimately owned by eleven firms:

Entity	Type of firm (HQ)	GDN Ownership Relevance
Qatar Investment Authority	Sovereign wealth fund (Qatar)	Owns stakes in critical infrastructure, including gas sectors.
Macquarie Asset Management	Investment Manager (Australia)	Macquarie invests and manages large numbers of global assets with a strong focus on infrastructure.
Hermes Investment Management	Private company – investment management (USA*)	Investment Management firm that invests in a broad range of low risk assets.
China Investment Corporation	Sovereign wealth fund (China)	Involved in owning critical infrastructure, focusing on energy sectors.
Allianz Capital Partners	Private company – asset management (Germany)	Specialises in infrastructure and renewable energy investments.
Brookfield Infrastructure Partners	Public company – infrastructure management (Canada)	Owns diversified infrastructure assets, including utilities.
Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan Board	Pension fund (Canada)	Invests in a variety of sectors, including infrastructure, with a focus on stable, long-term returns.
Global Infrastructure Partners	Private company – investment (USA)	Manages a broad range of infrastructure assets; recent acquisition by BlackRock raises profile.
CK Hutchison Holdings & Affiliates	Public company – conglomerate (Hong Kong / Cayman Islands)	Owns a significant stake in utilities through multinational conglomerate structure.
Power Assets Holdings	See above (Hong Kong)	Part of the CK group, focuses on electricity generation, transmission, and distribution.
State Super	Pension fund (Australia)	Invests in critical infrastructure, including significant stakes in the aviation sector.
* Hermes Investment Management (registered in the UK) is owned by Federated Hermes, a US-based investment manager.

[5] Described by critics as a “vampire kangaroo”, in 2022, Southern faced allegations of “environmental vandalism” for releasing untreated sewage continuously for over 3,700 hours at 83 bathing water beaches in just the first eight days of November. The repercussions of a substantial debt load and potentially insufficient investment during the Australian company’s ownership of Thames Water continue to linger, with ongoing incidents of sewage leaks contaminating waterways, impacting farms and residences, and causing harm to wildlife years after the company divested its remaining stake in Thames Water.

Reaction to Spring 2024 Budget

The latest financial statement from the Chancellor failed to meet in full any of the recommendations set out by the End Fuel Poverty Coalition in its budget submission.

While the energy firms Windfall Tax and the Household Support Fund were both extended for limited periods, other support measures end on the 31 March.

The budget also contained no new funding for energy efficiency support.

A spokesperson for the End Fuel Poverty Coalition commented:

“What we needed from the Chancellor was a long term plan for warm homes and cheaper energy, but instead the government has condemned families to another winter in cold homes and has failed to fund reform to Britain’s broken energy system.

“The government is pulling the plug on support for households in fuel poverty. The Energy Price Guarantee and the cost of living payments now join the Energy Bills Support Scheme on a bonfire of policies that were helping people with surging energy bills. The Household Support Fund will be extended, but only for another 6 months – ending before next winter sets in.

“But as this support is axed, the price households pay for their energy is still 60% higher than in 2021 and levels of energy debt are soaring. Meanwhile the wider cost of living crisis means people simply can’t afford to keep the lights on.

“While the extension of the Windfall Tax is a recognition that the energy crisis is not over, economists estimate that it has actually shaved £18bn off the cost of extracting fossil fuels over next three years by increasing energy firms’ tax relief allowances. This loophole must be closed.”

Jonathan Bean, from Fuel Poverty Action added:

“Removing the loopholes in windfall taxes on huge energy firm profits would fund essential energy for all.“

Warm This Winter spokesperson Fiona Waters said:

“Today’s budget is a waste of energy that will still leave millions out in the cold.

“There’s some cold comfort in the extension of the Housing Support Fund but it will barely make a dent in the huge debt ordinary people have now built up as they struggle to pay sky high bills that are still 60% more than three years ago.

“Families, pensioners, children and the poor are freezing as energy companies make a billion pounds in profit each and every week.”

Will Walker from Warm This Winter campaign members Ashden, commented on X that the budget was “barren” and that:

“Unfortunately, what we’ve seen over the last decade from Government is dither, delay and division on net zero. This has undermined business and investor confidence, weakened supply chains and added to UK energy bills.”

Joanna Elson CBE, chief executive of Independent Age, said:

“Today’s Budget was a missed opportunity to help those in later life already living in financial hardship and address the incoming pensioner poverty surge. Cutting National Insurance won’t help the more than 2 million older people living in poverty, or the many more living with precarious finances struggling to make ends meet. Transformative change is needed to improve their lives.

“While the lower energy price cap and the increased State Pension are welcome, there is still a long way to go for older people in financial insecurity to be able to afford even the basics. Bills are still astronomically high, and our helpline hears daily from older people rationing themselves to just one meal a day and washing in cold water to save energy.

“The cost-of-living payments have ended and older people in financial hardship are already at breaking point. While the temporary extension of the Household Support Fund is welcome, long-term solutions are needed to protect them from high household costs. The UK Government needs to introduce a single energy social tariff and water social tariff. This would help shield people of all ages living on a low income, including older people, from high and unmanageable costs.

“Today, the UK Government reiterated its commitment to uprate Pension Credit, but it must now implement a strategic and targeted plan to get this money into eligible pockets. As the latest figures show that up to 880,000 households missed out, an uptake strategy is urgently needed to target those who need financial support but aren’t aware it exists or don’t know they are eligible.

“Pensioner poverty has been steadily rising since 2012. Sadly, nothing announced today will reverse this alarming trend. That’s why we need a cross-party review to establish an adequate minimum level of income needed to avoid poverty in later life. Until that happens, we risk seeing more older people fall into financial hardship.”

Image credit: Warm This Winter / © Jess Hurd

Energy bills crisis has cost the average household £2,300 each

The average household has spent £2,300 more on energy bills since April 2021 than they would have done had prices remained stable. [1]

The data takes into account the Government support schemes that were set up to help households and means that, across the whole country, the additional spend by households on energy over the last three years totals more than £68bn.

The new figures calculated by the End Fuel Poverty Coalition come as Ofgem has lowered the price cap by around 12% for domestic energy bills.

However, the new cap level means that gas and electricity costs remain 60% higher than in 2021 when the energy bills crisis began. [2]

Meanwhile, households are still struggling in record levels of debt, with over 3 million households owing money to their energy firm.

New research by YouGov for the Stop The Squeeze campaign found that 61% of respondents – including 70% of Conservative voters – chose energy bill support as one of the interventions they would most like to see. [3]

Energy bill support was found to be more than twice as popular as cuts to taxes on wages (29%) and has gained in popularity among voters since the last time the research was conducted in July 2023.

However, the Government is set to end both the Energy Price Guarantee and the Household Support Fund on 31 March 2024.

The Energy Price Guarantee currently protects households from fluctuating global energy markets and could also be used to introduce an Emergency Energy Tariff to help those struggling the most with the high cost of energy.

The Household Support Fund provides local authorities with additional resources to help communities most hit by high energy bills, with 26 million grants given by councils to households struggling to afford the essentials. The End Fuel Poverty Coalition was recently among 120 organisations that signed a letter to the Chancellor calling for the Fund to be extended by at least another year.

Simon Francis, coordinator of the End Fuel Poverty Coalition, commented:

“Even after this latest change to the price cap, energy prices remain 60% higher than they were before the energy bills crisis began.

“Three years of staggering energy bills have placed an unbearable strain on household finances up and down the country. Household energy debt is at record levels, millions of people are living in cold damp homes and children are suffering in mouldy conditions.

“Everybody can see what is happening in Britain’s broken energy system and it is time for politicians to unite to enact the measures needed to end fuel poverty. This includes cross-party consensus on a long-term plan to help all households upgrade their homes and short-term financial support for households most in need.”

Megan Davies from Stop the Squeeze said:

“The fact that the public appetite for energy bill support is rising, not falling, should be a wake up call to the government that the cost of living crisis is far from over.

“Any fall in the price cap is of course welcome, but it is no substitute for the structural reform to the energy market that is needed to guarantee more affordable clean power into the future.

“This Budget could be the government’s last opportunity before the election to listen to the public and show they are serious about taking action on energy bills.”

Warm This Winter campaign spokesperson Fiona Waters commented:

“It’s clear Britain’s energy system is broken with a few firms making obscene profits while ordinary people suffer and household energy debt at record levels. What’s worse, millions, including the elderly and children, are living in unhealthy cold damp mouldy homes.

“People are tired of this constant cycle and want action. What politicians should be focussed on is bringing down energy bills through a proper programme of insulating homes and investing in cheap and abundantly available renewable energy.”

ENDS

[1] £2,300 and £68bn figures calculated as below. Price cap at 30 March 2021 was £1,042 for the average household. All figures based on Ofgem data. Average household energy bill levels include the relevant Energy Price Guarantee and Energy Bills Support Scheme payments where appropriate (the £52bn net cost of those measures are also borne by the taxpayer). Cap data is based on the prevailing typical domestic consumption values at the time – as set by Ofgem.

Cap change date	Average household energy bill (GBP)	Amount above GBP1,042 per household weighted for the number of months in price cap period (e.g. annual amount above cap halved for periods starting 1-Apr-21, but then quartered for periods from 1-Apr-23)	All households
01-Oct-20	£ 1,042	Baseline
01-Apr-21	£ 1,138	£ 48
01-Oct-21	£ 1,277	£ 118
01-Apr-22	£ 1,971	£ 465
01-Oct-22	£ 2,100	£ 529
01-Apr-23	£ 2,500	£ 365
01-Jul-23	£ 2,074	£ 258
01-Oct-23	£ 1,834	£ 198
01-Jan-24	£ 1,928	£ 222
01-Apr-24	£ 1,690	£ 162
TOTAL		£ 2,363	£ 68,527,000,000

[2] End Fuel Poverty Coalition records based on Ofgem price cap announcements and (in italics) Cornwall Insight predictions (last checked 16 Feb 2024)

Cap change date	Increase (GBP)	Average household energy bill (GBP)	% increase from last period	YOY change	Change from Pre-Energy Bill Crisis	Change from Pre-Ukraine Invasion
Pre-cap		1067
01-Oct-17	-19	1048	-1.78
01-Apr-18	41	1089	3.91
01-Oct-18	47	1136	4.31	8.40%
01-Apr-19	117	1254	10.39
01-Oct-19	-75	1179	-5.98	3.79%
01-Apr-20	-17	1162	-1.44%
01-Oct-20	-120	1042	-10.33%	-11.62%
01-Apr-21	96	1138	9.21%
01-Oct-21	139	1277	12.21%	22.55%	22.55%
01-Apr-22	693	1971	54.35%
01-Oct-22	129	2100	6.54%	64.45%	101.54%	64.45%
01-Apr-23	400	2500	26.84%
01-Jul-23	-426	2074	-17.04%	5.23%	99.04%	62.41%
01-Oct-23	-240	1,834	-11.57%	-12.67%	76.01%	43.62%
01-Jan-24	94	1,928	5.13%	-8.19%	85.03%	50.98%
01-Apr-24	-238	1,690	-12.34%	-32.40%	62.19%	32.34%
01-Jul-24	-193	1,497	-11.42%	-27.82%	43.67%	17.23%
01-Oct-24	44	1,541	2.94%	-15.98%	47.89%	20.67%

[3] YouGov Plc. Total sample size was 2,186 adults. Fieldwork was undertaken between 15th – 16th February 2024. The survey was carried out online. The figures have been weighted and are representative of all GB adults (aged 18+).

Fuel poverty statistics reveal households hit hard by energy bills crisis

New data published by the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero has revealed that a surge in the numbers of households spending more than 10% of their income on energy in England.

The number of households who are required to spend more than 10% of their income after housing costs on domestic energy has risen to 36.4% of households (8.9 million households) up from 27.4% in 2022 (6.7 million).

Meanwhile, the average fuel poverty gap (which measures the additional money a household would need to be lifted out of fuel poverty) has increased by 66% between 2020 and 2023 in real terms, due to rising energy prices.

E3G UK energy lead, Juliet Phillips, explained that for those already in fuel poverty, things have got significantly harder:

“It is shameful that in a country as wealthy as England, so many households cannot afford to heat their homes to a healthy and comfortable level. New statistics show that no progress has been made in reducing fuel poverty rates in the past year, and that for those struggling to pay their energy bills, things have gotten a lot worst.

“We have seen a concerning inertia from the government over the last year on action to upgrade homes. This included a U-turn on the planned increase in energy efficiency standards in the private rented sector, and a significant under-delivery of the retrofit schemes designed to alleviate fuel poverty.

“If the UK is to have any chance of meeting its statutory target to end fuel poverty by 2030, a long-term plan is needed to rebuild confidence in supply chains: backed by investment and regulations to drive action to deliver warmer homes across the country.”

The statistics also show that households in the private rented sector are at the highest risk of fuel poverty. This follows Rishi Sunak’s U-turn on the planned uplift to minimum efficiency standards in the sector last year.

Jonathan Bean, spokesperson for Fuel Poverty Action, commented:

“Fuel poverty rates are highest in private rentals so the Government’s lack of commitment to improved standards will continue to harm millions.

“In addition, electric-only homes have the highest fuel poverty rates due to the four times higher price of electricity compared to gas, due to our rigged energy market which the Government and Ofgem have failed to reform.

“It is time to admit Government and Ofgem policies have completely failed, and a more radical solution to fuel poverty is needed – Energy For All. This would eradicate fuel poverty now, rather than allowing millions to suffer in cold damp homes for another decade.”

The statistics show that there were an estimated 13.0 per cent of households (3.17 million) in fuel poverty in England under Ministers’ preferred measure of fuel poverty, known as the Low Income Low Energy Efficiency (LILEE) metric in 2023. This number is effectively unchanged from 13.1 per cent in 2022 (3.18 million).

A spokesperson for the End Fuel Poverty Coalition explained the limitations of this metric:

“Even these terrible figures don’t paint the true picture of the suffering in households across the UK.

“They exclude millions of homes in certain energy performance categories, fail to take into account soaring energy costs and also don’t include many people who actually get a Warm Home Discount to help with their bills.

“The reality is that household energy debt is at record levels, millions of people are living in cold damp homes and children are suffering in mouldy conditions.

“The wider impact of high energy bills is also clear to see with households having to cut back on spending so much that the UK has now entered a recession.”

Nearly 1 in five households in the West Midlands are classed as fuel poor. Meanwhile, in the South West, it would take an extra £634 to lift homes out of fuel poverty.

The latest National Energy Action (NEA) Fuel Poverty Monitor, developed with Energy Action Scotland and Gemserv, highlighted over 3 million UK households could be left in fuel poverty by the end of the decade, despite a legal requirement for no households in England to be living in fuel poverty by 2030.

Adam Scorer, Chief Executive of National Energy Action, added:

“At this rate, the government will miss its 2030 legal fuel poverty target by a country mile and millions will be stuck unable to afford to keep their homes and their families warm and well.”

New polling by YouGov for NEA shows that three in 10 (30%) GB adults say their household has found it difficult to afford to pay their energy bills in the past three months.

This has driven many to drastic ‘not coping strategies’ with 59% of British adults saying they had turned their thermostat down lower than they wanted, while 52% turned their heating off, even though it was cold inside the house.

Revealed: The charges keeping electricity bills high

Freezing households are being hit by 14 obscure energy charges that are keeping electricity bills expensive.

The figures are revealed in the latest Warm This Winter Tariff Watch Report by researchers at Future Energy Associates which examines the electricity network costs which are added to customers’ standing charges and bills. [1]

Among the 14 charges which get passed onto bills through the Ofgem price cap, customers are hit by costs such as the ‘Non-Locational demand residual banded charge’, ‘Available Supply Capacity Charges’, ‘Electricity Systems Operator Internal Allowances’ and ‘Ancillary Services costs.’ [2]

Also hidden in the charges are so-called “Line Losses” which set out the amount of energy lost while transmitting electricity around the network. These losses are added to consumers’ bills as a set amount, rather than reflecting the actual wastage incurred.

The combined impact of some of these costs and charges has meant Electricity Standing Charges have surged 119% since winter 2020/21 and account for £194 a year for every household.

Separately, the report reveals rules which allow Distribution Network Operators (DNOs) who maintain and upgrade the grid to keep money charged to consumers but not spent.

The DNOs forecast budgets in advance and overestimation of these costs can mean that DNOs underspend and could potentially profit under a complex system called the “totex incentive mechanism” (TIM). This splits the benefit of any underspend between customers and the DNO.

Between 2015 and 2022, DNOs spent £933 million less than they forecasted, but those that did underspend will have only given around half of that money back to consumers. [3]

The new findings also reveal that energy firms have underspent on plans to upgrade the electricity network. While these firms have overspent on short-term costs, the lack of investment in the grid is one of the reasons that electricity prices remain high despite Britain’s successful renewables industry. [4]

The Warm This Winter Tariff Watch report also paints a poor picture for consumers looking to switch around for the best energy deal. While there are more tariffs on the market, the researchers could only find a handful of deals worth switching to and these all came with complex conditions or caveats.

Two groups which continue to lose out are those who pay on standard credit terms and are subject to a 6.2% premium and those on Economy 7 tariffs.

One EDF overnight tariff, aimed at EV owners, offers an average nighttime electricity unit rate of just 8.00 pence per kWh across all DNO regions. In stark contrast, the Standard Variable tariff, serving as an Economy 7 equivalent from the same firm, imposes a significantly higher night-time unit rate of 16.63 pence per kWh.

A spokesperson for the End Fuel Poverty Coalition, commented:

“The complex world of electricity pricing should now be firmly in the sights of regulators and ministers.

“There must be a review into how we have arrived at so many covert charges and Ofgem must improve the transparency in the calculation of how our standing charges are arrived at.

“Of particular concern is the system whereby we are paying upfront for vital infrastructure upgrades which could help bring down electricity bills, but which are seemingly not delivered.

“We need a full audit of what has been charged, what has been spent and what could be returned to the bill payer.”

Fiona Waters of the Warm This Winter campaign, which commissioned the report added:

“The findings of the latest Tariff Watch Report reveal a disgraceful picture.

“Hardup households are being punished multiple times by energy giants. Our energy bills are still forecasted to remain well above 2021 levels for the rest of the year and the vital grid infrastructure upgrades needed to bring electricity costs down are potentially not being delivered.

“Perversely, the failure to upgrade and maintain the grid then results in line losses, which consumers also have to pay for via their bills.”

Dylan Johnson, Director at Future Energy Associates commented:

“Ofgem must improve transparency around Distribution Use of System (DuOS) charges. There’s a clear need for a centralised repository on their website, detailing these costs, and the formulas used for their calculation.

“Additionally, Ofgem should revisit their methodology for Line Losses, especially as we transition to a more decentralised energy system.

“For instance, in areas like Cornwall during sunny hours, Line Loss calculations must reflect the reduced losses when electricity is generated and consumed locally. This change is crucial for a fair and efficient energy system.”

ENDS

[1] This press release refers to England, Scotland and Wales only. For full details, methodology and sources, the full report is available to download: https://www.endfuelpoverty.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/Tariff_Watch-3-FINAL.pdf

[2] Full list of charges:

Non-Locational demand residual banded charge – all domestic users contribute to the fixed costs of maintaining the transmission network.
Transmission Network Use of System Non-Half-Hourly demand tariff – cost of using the transmission network to supply electricity and factors in the cost of infrastructure investment and the need to ensure network reliability and capacity for future demands. Paid by consumers on unit rates.
Distribution Use of System Consumption Charges – charges are based on the electricity consumption of an organisation, with rates varying according to the time of use.
Meter Point Administration Number Standing Charges – a fixed daily charge applied per Meter Point Administration Number (MPAN), covering the fixed costs of electricity distribution.
Available Supply Capacity Charges – These are levied based on the assigned Available Supply Capacity (ASC) of an organisation, with higher capacities incurring greater charges.
Reactive Power Charges – Applied for the reactive power used by an organisation, which is essential for maintaining voltage levels within the distribution network.
SOLR Fixed charge – to cover costs associated with collapsed energy firms
Excess SOLR Fixed charge – to cover costs associated with collapsed energy firms
Eligible Bad Debt Fixed Charge Adder – an additional charge to cover the costs associated with uncollectible debts.
Balancing Use of Systems Balancing Mechanism – when there is a variance between scheduled energy generation and actual demand, the Balancing Mechanism activates to maintain grid stability.
Ancillary Services costs – this covers a range of services, including frequency response, demand flexibility service, reactive power and reserve services.
Electricity Systems Operator Internal Allowances – Internal costs (allowed revenue) are calculated in the Price Control Financial Model.
Balancing Use of Systems Energy Trading Costs – these are costs for trading done with generators outside of the balancing mechanism e.g. forward trading via bilateral agreements.
Line Losses – the amount of energy lost while transmitting electricity around the network.

[3] Electricity North West, National Grid Electricity Distribution and UK Power Networks are the worst offenders. These three companies taken together have a combined underspend of more than £1.1bn.

The reason this is more than the 933m total is that some DNOs – especially Scottish Power Networks – have overspent. Scottish Power Energy Networks (operates MANWEB and South Scotland) does have some of the highest standing charges in the UK.

DNO allowance and expenditure cumulative 2015-16 to 2021-22:

DNO Operator (sharing rate)	DNO Region	Allowance	Expenditure	Difference
DNO Operator (sharing rate)	DNO Region	£m	£m	£m	%
Electricity North West (58%)	North West	2,085	1,917	-168	-8%
Northern Power Grid (56%)	North East	1,472	1,515	43	3%
Northern Power Grid (56%)	Yorkshire	1,953	1,921	-32	-2%
National Grid Electricity Distribution (70%)	Midlands	2,318	2,329	11	0%
	East Midlands	2,346	2,312	-34	-1%
	South Wales	1,228	1,163	-65	-5%
	South West	1,890	1,831	-59	-3%
UK Power Networks (53%)	London	2,007	1,741	-267	-13%
	South East	1,941	1,657	-284	-15%
	East Anglia	2,889	2,622	-268	-9%
Scottish Power Energy Networks (54%)	South Scotland	1,747	1,792	45	3%
Scottish Power Energy Networks (54%)	MANWEB	1,952	2,037	85	4%
Scottish and Southern Electricity Networks (56%)	North Scotland	1,492	1,519	26	2%
Scottish and Southern Electricity Networks (56%)	Southern	2,635	2,670	34	1%
Total	GB	27,957	27,023	-933	-3%

[4] Underspend has generally been in longer term investment in networks i.e. network reinforcement and replacing equipment and totals c.GBP2.5bn. Conversely over-spend has generally been in shorter term operational activities and totals c.GBP1.5bn.

Public priced out of essential warm home measures

Nearly four in 10 UK households (39%) say they cannot afford to insulate their homes, according to new data commissioned by the Warm This Winter coalition, prompting campaigners to demand the government urgently refocus its efforts on boosting energy saving measures.

Half of all Londoners (50%) say that they cannot afford energy efficiency measures, the highest in the country, followed by households in Wales (46%) and Yorkshire and Humber (45%).

And the UK has some of the leakiest homes in Europe, with the majority rated EPC Band D or below and around a fifth of homes have no roof insulation, leaving consumers paying higher energy bills for colder homes.

Analysis shows that it would take 190 years to upgrade the energy efficiency of the UK’s draughty housing stock at the current rate of the government’s flagship programme, the ‘Great British Insulation Scheme’, which installed just over 1,000 energy efficiency measures between March and October 2023.

Upgrading inefficient homes to EPC band C would collectively save consumers £24 billion on their energy bills by 2030.

It would also give the UK more energy independence as insulation lowers the amount of gas required to heat homes, and gas will increasingly come from abroad as the North Sea continues its decline. Energy Secretary Claire Coutinho has conceded that the Government’s new Oil and Gas Licensing Bill won’t bring down energy bills.

Tessa Khan, executive director of Uplift, commented:

“This government is obsessing over oil and gas drilling, which will do absolutely nothing to lower bills, while progress on energy efficiency, which is the quickest and cheapest way to keep people warm this winter, has slowed to a crawl.

“Ministers need to realise that millions of people cannot afford to insulate their homes and that, by turning its back on them, it is condemning people to live in cold homes.

“The more the temperature drops, the more enraging it is to watch this government waste time and effort trying to wring the last drop of gas from the North Sea, when saving energy would help people so much more.”

The start of this year saw energy bills increase by a further £94 for the average household. A spokesperson for the End Fuel Poverty Coalition added:

“While households struggle in cold, damp, mouldy homes and struggle to pay their bills, Ministers are sitting on their hands.

“They refused to introduce an Emergency Energy Tariff for vulnerable households and have refused to set up an industry wide scheme to help people repay their energy debts.

“Instead, they have allowed energy firms to restart using the courts to force households onto prepayment meters and have now ruled out reform to energy tariffs to help those most in need.

“What we need to see is urgent action on energy bills and the cost of insulation. But Ministers would rather play politics with a ridiculous Oil & Gas Licensing Bill that will do nothing to improve energy security or lower bills.”

ENDS

Opinium conducted a nationally representative survey among 2,000 UK Adults from the 24th – 28th November 2023 or 20th – 24th October 2023. Results were weighted to be nationally representative.

4,950 excess winter deaths caused by cold homes last winter

Following publication of new official data, the End Fuel Poverty Coalition has estimated that 4,950 excess winter deaths in the UK were caused by living in cold homes during winter 2022/23. [1]

Historic records also indicate that when the mean winter temperature in the UK drops below four degrees centigrade, the level of excess winter deaths sky-rockets. The average temperature last winter was 4.3 degrees. [2]

While December 2023 was exceptionally warm, average daily temperatures for the UK in January are forecast to dip as low as -1.6 degrees and fell to -14 in some parts of the UK last night. [3]

The Government continues to rely on Warm Homes Discounts, Cold Weather Payments and Winter Fuel Payments as the measures of support to households, however these are limited in eligibility and impact.

This winter the Government refused demands to support households through an Emergency Energy Tariff and a help to repay scheme for those in energy debt.

But the Government’s approach is an increasingly dangerous strategy with the effects of climate change taking hold.

The Met Office official guidance is that El Niño winters are more likely to be colder in the UK and scientists predict that these El Niño winters could become more common as global temperatures increase. With 2023 being declared as the hottest year on record, campaigners have urged politicians to grasp the seriousness of the situation.

A spokesperson for End Fuel Poverty Coalition, commented

“Figures from the Warm This Winter campaign show that 8.3m adults are living in cold damp homes this winter and, as temperatures drop, these conditions go from being uncomfortable to downright dangerous.

“But while households struggle, Ministers are sitting on their hands and leaving matters of life and death to chance.

“Instead of taking action on energy bills, they have allowed energy firms to restart using the courts to force households onto prepayment meters and have now ruled out reform to energy tariffs to help those most in need.

“They would rather play politics with a ridiculous Oil & Gas Licensing Bill that will do nothing to improve energy security or lower bills than take meaningful action to help households struggling right now.”

Jan Shortt, General Secretary of the National Pensioners’ Convention, which is part of the Warm This Winter campaign, said:

“We are very concerned at the level of disinterest shown by the government in the welfare of older people at a time when the temperature is dropping well below freezing.

“It fell as low as -14 degrees this week and even in towns and cities it does not get much warmer until later in the day. This presents a real dilemma for older people struggling with the cost of energy and other inflated bills – we know many are already afraid to turn the heating on at all.

“Add to this the decision by Ofgem and the government to allow the force-fitting of energy prepayment meters to resume, while energy providers continue to enjoy inflated profits, smacks of abandonment of those struggling to pay their bills without any relief on the horizon.”

Greenpeace UK’s climate campaigner, Georgia Whitaker, said:

“This is a national scandal. The UK has the least insulated homes in Western Europe. We’ve known this for years. Yet every year thousands of people are dying as a result. And our government is doing practically nothing to fix the problem.

“Insulating homes at speed and scale right across the UK would drastically reduce these unavoidable deaths, as well as helping to tackle the cost of living and climate crises by lowering bills and slashing household emissions. But until that happens, this shameful government negligence will continue to cost people their lives, and without climate leadership the government will be punished at the ballot box.”

UPDATE: In February 2024, the ONS launched a consultation on the methodology associated with this calculation and also set out new figures for excess deaths in a particular period (rather than excess winter mortality levels as set out in the figures above). Even after these new measures are introduced, the old data which is set out above is not technically incorrect, however the metrics used for calculating the figure may be less accurate than the new measures.

ENDS

[1] 2022/23 Data: ONS (for England & Wales) table 10, updated on 17 January 2024 combined with NRS and NISRA data then applying IHE methodology to estimate the number of Excess Winter Deaths caused by living in cold homes. Previous End Fuel Poverty Coalition estimates put the figure at 4,706 Excess Winter Deaths caused by cold homes.

[2] Excess winter deaths caused by cold damp homes and average winter temperatures (End Fuel Poverty Coalition records)

Winter	Number of excess winter deaths caused by cold homes	Mean winter temp (C)
2010/2011	6,232	2.4
2011/2012	5,608	4.5
2012/2013	7,321	3.3
2013/2014	4,206	5.2
2014/2015	10,475	3.9
2015/2016	6,035	5.5
2016/2017	8,211	5
2017/2018	11,997	3.6
2018/2019	5,665	5.2
2019/2020	2,439	5.3
2020/2021	14,502	3.5
2021/2022	3,229	5.2
2022/2023	4,950	4.3

[3] December 2023 stats – 5.8 degrees mean: https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/climate/maps-and-data/summaries/index

January 2024 stats:

https://www.netweather.tv/charts-and-data/average-uk-temperature (accessed 16 January 2024 at 1400)